In a normal karyotype for females, which term is used to describe their genetic makeup?

• A. XX
• B. XY
• C. YY
• D. XO

Answer: (A)

In a normal karyotype for females, the genetic makeup is represented by the term XX. This designation refers to the presence of two X chromosomes, which is characteristic of the female sex in many organisms, including humans. Each X chromosome carries a significant amount of genetic information, including genes that are important for determining female sexual development and other biological functions.

The other options represent different chromosomal configurations: XY indicates a typical male karyotype, reflecting the presence of one X and one Y chromosome. YY is not a viable karyotype since it lacks an X chromosome, which is essential for survival and normal development. XO refers to Turner syndrome, a condition where one sex chromosome is missing (a singular X chromosome with no second X or Y), which typically leads to phenotypic female characteristics but also involves various developmental abnormalities. Thus, XX correctly describes the normal chromosomal composition for females.