What is a key feature of model organisms in genetic studies?

• A. They reproduce very slowly.
• B. They are easy to manipulate genetically.
• C. They are all unicellular.
• D. They thrive in extreme environments.

Answer: (B)

Model organisms are essential in genetic studies because they possess characteristics that make them suitable for manipulation and experimentation. The ability to easily manipulate these organisms genetically is a key feature that allows scientists to study gene function, understand genetic pathways, and investigate the effects of genetic changes on phenotypes. For instance, common model organisms like fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) and mice (Mus musculus) can be genetically modified through techniques such as CRISPR, transgenesis, and selective breeding, enabling researchers to explore complex biological questions in a controlled setting.

Other options do not accurately reflect the characteristics that define model organisms. For instance, while some model organisms may reproduce quickly, not all do, and slow reproduction would be a disadvantage in genetic studies. Additionally, model organisms can be unicellular or multicellular; thus, stating that they are all unicellular is incorrect. Lastly, thriving in extreme environments is not a typical trait of model organisms; in fact, many of them are chosen for their ease of maintenance under standard laboratory conditions, rather than for their ability to survive under extreme conditions.