What is an essential aspect of a dietary regimen for individuals diagnosed with Phenylketonuria?

• A. High protein intake
• B. Low phenylalanine foods
• C. Restricted carbohydrates
• D. High fiber consumption

Answer: (B)

Individuals diagnosed with Phenylketonuria (PKU) must adhere to a dietary regimen that minimizes phenylalanine intake. PKU is a metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which is required to metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid found in many proteins. If phenylalanine accumulates in the body, it can lead to severe neurological damage and cognitive impairment.

Therefore, consuming foods low in phenylalanine is critical for managing this condition. This typically involves avoiding high-protein foods, such as meat, dairy, nuts, and certain grains, which are rich in phenylalanine. Instead, individuals focus on specially formulated low-phenylalanine diets and foods that can provide necessary nutrients without the dangerous levels of this amino acid. By strictly monitoring and controlling phenylalanine intake, individuals with PKU can lead healthier lives and prevent the adverse effects associated with the disorder.