What phenomenon might explain why dark-winged butterflies are found in forested areas?

• A. Differential predation
• B. Natural selection
• C. Genetic drift
• D. Environmental mutation

Answer: (A)

The presence of dark-winged butterflies in forested areas can be primarily attributed to the phenomenon of differential predation. This concept involves the idea that certain traits, such as wing coloration, can provide an advantage in avoiding predators in specific environments. In densely vegetated forest areas, darker coloration may help butterflies blend into their surroundings, reducing their visibility to predators.

This camouflage makes them less likely to be spotted and consumed, thereby increasing their chances of survival and reproduction. Over time, this selective pressure can lead to a higher frequency of dark-winged individuals within the population in these habitats, as they are more successful in avoiding predation compared to their lighter counterparts. This example illustrates how environmental factors can influence the survival of certain phenotypes, highlighting the role of differential predation in shaping the characteristics of a population within a specific ecosystem.