What process involves copying genetic information from DNA into a nucleotide sequence of RNA?

• A. Transcription
• B. Translation
• C. Replication
• D. Mutation

Answer: (A)

The process that involves copying genetic information from DNA into a nucleotide sequence of RNA is transcription. During transcription, an enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of DNA and unwinds the double helix. It then synthesizes a single strand of RNA by adding complementary ribonucleotides, effectively creating a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript that carries the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosome, where it can be translated into proteins.

Transcription is a fundamental step in gene expression and is crucial for the flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins, which is central to all biological processes. Understanding this process is vital in genetics, as it underlies how genes are expressed and regulated in different cells and conditions.