Which law states that two different genes will assort their alleles independently during gamete formation?

• A. Law of Segregation
• B. Law of Genetics
• C. Law of Independent Assortment
• D. Law of Recapitulation

Answer: (C)

The Law of Independent Assortment is a fundamental principle in genetics that describes how alleles of different genes are distributed to gametes independently of one another. According to this law, during the formation of gametes, the segregation of alleles for one gene occurs without affecting the segregation of alleles for another gene. This means that the inheritance of one trait will not influence the inheritance of another, allowing for a variety of genetic combinations in the offspring.

This principle was first articulated by Gregor Mendel based on his experiments with dihybrid crosses in pea plants, where he observed that the combination of traits appeared in the offspring in predictable ratios. This law is key to understanding genetic variability and how traits can be passed down through generations, indicating that the distribution of alleles for one trait is not linked to the distribution of alleles for another trait.

The other concepts listed do not accurately describe the independent segregation of alleles associated with different genes. The Law of Segregation pertains to how alleles for a single gene segregate during gamete formation, rather than how different genes assort independently. The term "Law of Genetics" is too broad and not specifically defined in Mendelian genetics, while "Law of Recapitulation" refers to