Which scientist is known for studying the natural laws governing plant hybrids using garden peas?

• A. Charles Darwin
• B. Gregor Mendel
• C. Louis Pasteur
• D. Friedrich Miescher

Answer: (B)

The scientist renowned for studying the natural laws governing plant hybrids using garden peas is Gregor Mendel. Mendel's pioneering experiments with pea plants in the mid-19th century established the foundations of modern genetics. By carefully observing traits such as flower color and seed shape, he formulated the principles of inheritance, including concepts such as dominant and recessive traits. His work revealed how traits are passed from one generation to the next and laid the groundwork for the laws of inheritance that are still taught in genetics today. Mendel’s systematic approach to breeding experiments and his use of statistical analysis to interpret his results were groundbreaking and remain fundamental to the field of genetics.